{"id":100107,"date":"2021-12-27T14:33:58","date_gmt":"2021-12-27T13:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/?post_type=biografie&#038;p=100107"},"modified":"2023-02-06T13:15:32","modified_gmt":"2023-02-06T12:15:32","slug":"vitellius","status":"publish","type":"biografie","link":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/vitellius\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitellius"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Chapters<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/vitellius\/#reign\" >Reign<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/vitellius\/#death\" >Death<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<table class=\"biog\" style=\"width: 250px;\">\n<caption>    <div class=\"ramka_ze_zdjeciem float-none \"\n         style=\"\">\n\n        <div class=\"zdjecie\">\n            <img\n                class=\"ramka-ze-zdjeciem\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/witeliusz-1-306x400.jpg\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/witeliusz-1-306x400.jpg 306w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/witeliusz-1-640x837.jpg 640w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/witeliusz-1.jpg 1005w\"                alt=\"Vitellius\"\n                width=\"251\"\n                height=\"328\"\n               \n               \n            \/>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/witeliusz-1.jpg\"\n               rel=\"fancybox\"\n               title=\"Vitellius\">\n                <div class=\"iover\">\n                    <div class=\"zicon\">\n                        <i class=\"fa fa-search-plus\"><\/i>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"opis\">\n                                Vitellius            <\/div>\n        \n        \n    <\/div>\n    <\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Name<\/th>\n<td>\n<p class=\"male\"><em>Aulus Vitellius<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Ruled as<\/th>\n<td>\n<p class=\"male\"><em>Aulus Vitellius <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/germanicus\/\">Germanicus<\/a> Imperator <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/augustus\/\">Augustus<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Reign<\/th>\n<td>\n<p class=\"male\">3 January 69 &#8211; 21 December 69 CE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Born<\/th>\n<td>\n<p class=\"male\">24 September 15 CE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Died<\/th>\n<td>\n<p class=\"male\">21 December 69 CE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\">    <div class=\"ramka_ze_zdjeciem float-none \"\n         style=\"\">\n\n        <div class=\"zdjecie\">\n            <img\n                class=\"ramka-ze-zdjeciem\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Aulus_vitellius_vitellia_and_vitellius_germanicus-400x189.jpg\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Aulus_vitellius_vitellia_and_vitellius_germanicus-400x189.jpg 400w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Aulus_vitellius_vitellia_and_vitellius_germanicus-640x302.jpg 640w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Aulus_vitellius_vitellia_and_vitellius_germanicus.jpg 729w\"                alt=\"Coin of Vitellius\"\n                width=\"251\"\n                height=\"118\"\n               \n               \n            \/>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Aulus_vitellius_vitellia_and_vitellius_germanicus.jpg\"\n               rel=\"fancybox\"\n               title=\"Coin of Vitellius\">\n                <div class=\"iover\">\n                    <div class=\"zicon\">\n                        <i class=\"fa fa-search-plus\"><\/i>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"opis\">\n                                Coin of Vitellius            <\/div>\n        \n        \n    <\/div>\n    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Vitellius was born on September 24, 15 as <em>Aulus Vitellius<\/em>. Son of <b>Lucius Vitellius<\/b>, a three-time <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-republic\/roman-offices\/roman-consul\/\">consul<\/a> (in the years 34, 43 and 47 CE), and <b>of Sextilia<\/b>. His father also served as a <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-republic\/roman-offices\/censor\/\">censor<\/a> in 47 CE. After the first consulate, he became the governor of Syria. He served as censor and consulates with <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/biografie\/klaudiusz\/\">Emperor Claudius<\/a>. During Claudius&#8217; expedition to Britain, Lucius was in charge of the state during the emperor&#8217;s absence. Regarding the origin and social status of Vitellius, there are various legends of <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/biografie\/swetoniusz\/\">Suetonius<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>He spent his childhood and early youth on the island of Capri, at the imperial court of <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/biografie\/tyberiusz\/\">Tiberius<\/a>.<br \/>\nVitellius held the office of consul for the middle of 48 CE, after which he was replaced by his brother Lucius. In the years 60-61 CE, he was <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-republic\/roman-offices\/proconsul\/\">proconsul<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/geografia\/prowincje-rzymskie\/spis-prowincji-rzymskich\/afryka-rzymska\/\">Africa<\/a>, where he demonstrated exceptional integrity for two years. Later he obtained the office of overseer of public buildings in <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-cities\/rome-eternal-city\/\">Rome<\/a>. In December 68 CE he became the commander of the legions in Lower Germania, where he was very favourably received by the military, main thanks to the memory of his father&#8217;s merits and his indulgence towards the soldiers.<\/p>\n<p>He was <b>made emperor<\/b> by his troops (under the command of Fabius <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/valens\/\">Valens<\/a>) <span class=\"underlined\">on January 2, 69 CE <\/span>in the provincial capital of <em>Colonia Agippinensis<\/em> (today&#8217;s Cologne, Germany). After gaining support from the troops of Upper Germania, he assumed the title of Germanicus. Vitellius, wanting to seize power over the entire empire, before he himself went to Rome, sent a 40,000-strong <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-army\/\">army<\/a> under the command of Fabius Valens to take control of Gaul.<br \/>\nVitellius troops (30,000, led by Alienus Caecina) marched on Rome against <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/biografie\/galba\/\">Emperor Galba<\/a>, but on January 15, <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/galba\/\">Galba<\/a> was killed and the new emperor became <a href=\"\/?p=78443&amp; page_id=1607 \"><b>Marcus Salwius Othon<\/b><\/a>. On the Po River, near <em>Bedriacum<\/em> (now Cremona), a battle took place on April 14, 69 CE, which <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/marcus-salvius-otho\/\">Otho<\/a> lost and then committed <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-law\/suicide-in-world-of-romans\/\">suicide<\/a> on April 16. After the victory of his legions, Vitellius left for Rome.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"reign\"><\/span>Reign<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"right_img\" style=\"width: 280px;\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"male\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/artykul\/rok-czterech-cesarzy\/\">Year of the Four Emperors<\/a><br \/>\nRivalry for power after his death in 68 CE <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/nero\/\">Nero<\/a>, the last representative of the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-empire\/roman-dynasties\/julio-claudian-dynasty\/\">Julio-Claudian dynasty<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>After entering Rome, Vitellius assumed the highest priestly office and made himself a permanent consul. he wanted to follow the example of <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/biografie\/neron\/\">Nero<\/a> in exercising power. His rule was characterized by great extravagance in the field of palace life. He feasted all the time. He ate at least three times a day. It had breakfast, dinner, supper and feasts. He often vomited so that he could eat more and more.<\/p>\n<p>The variety and quantity of the dishes exceeded the concept of an ordinary Roman. The records include a feast where 2,000 of the finest fish and 7,000 of various birds were served. Vitellius wanted to live like no one before him. <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/kultura\/architektura-rzymska\/budowle-rzymskie\/zloty-dom-nerona\/\"><b>The Golden House<\/b> built by Nero<\/a>, full of ornaments and splendour, he considered poor. It has been calculated that during his entire reign, <b>about 900 million sesterces<\/b><sup class=\"footnote\" data-qtip=\"For comparison, the annual cost of paying the wages to the entire legion (approx. 3,000 men) was 2,700,000 sesterces at that time (900 sesterces were received by each legionnaire).\" data-footid=\"1\">1<\/sup> were spent on the personal interests of the ruler.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"death\"><\/span>Death<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>However, not all of them submitted to the new emperor. <b>Antony Primus<\/b> (commander of the 6th Pannonia <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-army\/units-of-roman-army\/roman-legion\/\">Legion<\/a>) and <b>Cornelius Fuscus<\/b> (Proconsul from Illyricum) decided to conquer <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-provinces\/roman-italy\/\">Italy<\/a> using the Danube legions (about 30,000 soldiers). On October 24, 69 CE a battle took place near <em>Bedriacum<\/em>, which Vitellius&#8217;s army lost, and the city was seized and destroyed.<\/p>\n<p>The fighting continued until December when the Danube legions reached Rome. During this time, Vitellius made a deal with his brother <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/biografie\/wespazjan\/\">Vespasian<\/a>, <b>Flavius \u200b\u200bSabinus<\/b>. According to it, he was to save his life in exchange for a hundred million sesterces. He then made two public statements about his resignation from the throne. However, at the persuasion of the crowds, he repeatedly took up his spirit and took up a fight with Flavius \u200b\u200bSabinus and the followers of <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/biographies\/vespasian\/\">Vespasian<\/a> in the city.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ramka_ze_zdjeciem float-center \"\n         style=\"\">\n\n        <div class=\"zdjecie\">\n            <img\n                class=\"ramka-ze-zdjeciem\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Rochegrosse_Vitellius_traine_dans_les_rues_de_Rome_par_la_populace_1883-640x1028.jpg\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Rochegrosse_Vitellius_traine_dans_les_rues_de_Rome_par_la_populace_1883-640x1028.jpg 640w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Rochegrosse_Vitellius_traine_dans_les_rues_de_Rome_par_la_populace_1883-249x400.jpg 249w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Rochegrosse_Vitellius_traine_dans_les_rues_de_Rome_par_la_populace_1883.jpg 1346w\"                alt=\"Vitellius led through the streets of Rome by the people, Georges Rochegrosse\"\n                width=\"500\"\n                height=\"803\"\n               \n               \n            \/>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Rochegrosse_Vitellius_traine_dans_les_rues_de_Rome_par_la_populace_1883.jpg\"\n               rel=\"fancybox\"\n               title=\"Vitellius led through the streets of Rome by the people, Georges Rochegrosse\">\n                <div class=\"iover\">\n                    <div class=\"zicon\">\n                        <i class=\"fa fa-search-plus\"><\/i>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"opis\">\n                                Vitellius led through the streets of Rome by the people, Georges Rochegrosse            <\/div>\n        \n        \n    <\/div>\n    <em>Vitellius led through the streets of Rome by the people<\/em>, Georges Rochegrosse[\/ramka_ze_zdjeciem ]<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, the city was conquered, and Vitellius was tortured and thrown into the Tiber <b>on December 22, 69 CE at the age of 54.<\/b><\/p>\n<table class=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #f2ebeb;\">\n<p class=\"podtytul\">Marriages and children<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"underlined\">around 55 CE <\/span>&#8211; <b>Petronia<\/b> (<a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-society\/marriage-and-love-life-in-ancient-rome\/\">marriage<\/a> and divorce before accession);\n<ul>\n<li><b>son<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"underlined\">around 60 CE <\/span>&#8211; <b>Galleria<\/b> (wedding before ascending the throne)\n<ul>\n<li><b>Vitellius Germanicus<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>daughter<\/b>, unknown by name<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":40066,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"kategorie_biografii":[176],"class_list":["post-100107","biografie","type-biografie","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kategorie_biografii-emperors"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/biografie\/100107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/biografie"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/biografie"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/biografie\/100107\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kategorie_biografii","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategorie_biografii?post=100107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}