{"id":93521,"date":"2021-07-16T14:54:41","date_gmt":"2021-07-16T12:54:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/?page_id=93521"},"modified":"2022-07-17T20:28:58","modified_gmt":"2022-07-17T18:28:58","slug":"sol-god-of-sun","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-religion\/gods-of-ancient-rome\/list-of-roman-gods\/sol-god-of-sun\/","title":{"rendered":"Sol (god of sun)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Chapters<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-religion\/gods-of-ancient-rome\/list-of-roman-gods\/sol-god-of-sun\/#sol-invictus\" >Sol Invictus<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n    <div class=\"ramka_ze_zdjeciem float-right \"\n         style=\"\">\n\n        <div class=\"zdjecie\">\n            <img\n                class=\"ramka-ze-zdjeciem\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/629px-Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg\"\n                                alt=\"Marble relief on the sarcophagus from the 3rd century CE showing the bust of Sol\"\n                width=\"250\"\n                height=\"238\"\n               \n               \n            \/>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/629px-Clipeus_Helios_Terme.jpg\"\n               rel=\"fancybox\"\n               title=\"Marble relief on the sarcophagus from the 3rd century CE showing the bust of Sol.\">\n                <div class=\"iover\">\n                    <div class=\"zicon\">\n                        <i class=\"fa fa-search-plus\"><\/i>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"opis\">\n                                Marble relief on the sarcophagus from the 3rd century CE showing the bust of Sol.            <\/div>\n        \n                    <div class=\"chmurka\">\n                Creative Commons Attribution License - Share Alike 3.0.            <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n    \n<p>Sol was the sun god; identified with the Greek Helios. Originally he was a Sabine deity. The bringing of his cult to <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-cities\/rome-eternal-city\/\">Rome<\/a> (simultaneously with the cult of <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-religion\/gods-of-ancient-rome\/list-of-roman-gods\/luna-roman-goddess\/\">Luna<\/a>) was attributed to Titus Tatius. The deity worship was performed by the Sabine family of Aurelius.<\/p>\n<p>In the art of ancient Rome, he was most often depicted on the model of the Greek Helios, i.e. with a radiant halo around his head or a radiant crown on his head, on a golden chariot drawn by four <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/article\/horses-in-ancient-rome\/\">horses<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>He was nicknamed <em>Indiges<\/em>, and his festival was celebrated on August 8. A temple on the Quirinale and an altar in <em><a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-art-and-culture\/roman-architecture\/roman-buildings\/circus-maximus\/\">Circus Maximus<\/a><\/em> were erected in his honour.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"sol-invictus\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/religia\/bogowie-starozytnego-rzymu\/spis-bogow-rzymskich\/sol-invictus\/\">Sol Invictus<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The cult of deity combined with the influence of Eastern religions led to the creation in the 3rd century CE. a new syncretic cult of the <b>&#8220;Invincible Sun&#8221;<\/b> (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-religion\/gods-of-ancient-rome\/list-of-roman-gods\/sol-invictus\/\">Sol Invictus<\/a><\/em>). The cult of <em>Sol Invictus<\/em> was a new syncretic cult combining elements of Mithraism, the cult of El Gabal, Baal, Astarte, and the Roman solar deity Sol. He worshipped the sun as the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-religion\/gods-of-ancient-rome\/roman-personifications\/\">personification<\/a> of all other deities. The <em>Sol Invictus<\/em> cult was performed at the end of the empire, introduced by Emperor Aurelian.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"ramka_ze_zdjeciem float-right \"\n         style=\"\">\n\n        <div class=\"zdjecie\">\n            <img\n                class=\"ramka-ze-zdjeciem\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/800px-Stele_Sol_Invictus_Terme-400x195.jpg\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/800px-Stele_Sol_Invictus_Terme-400x195.jpg 400w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/800px-Stele_Sol_Invictus_Terme-640x312.jpg 640w, https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/800px-Stele_Sol_Invictus_Terme.jpg 1200w\"                alt=\"Sol Invictus on a Roman relief from the 2nd century CE\"\n                width=\"250\"\n                height=\"122\"\n               \n               \n            \/>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/800px-Stele_Sol_Invictus_Terme.jpg\"\n               rel=\"fancybox\"\n               title=\"Sol Invictus on a Roman relief from the 2nd century CE.\">\n                <div class=\"iover\">\n                    <div class=\"zicon\">\n                        <i class=\"fa fa-search-plus\"><\/i>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"opis\">\n                                <em>Sol Invictus<\/em> on a Roman relief from the 2nd century CE.            <\/div>\n        \n        \n    <\/div>\n    \n<p>By a decree of March 7, 321 CE Emperor Constantine the Great introduced Sunday as the official holiday <em>Sol Invictus<\/em> &#8211; <em><b>dies Solis<\/b><\/em>.<br \/>\nSol Invictus, falling on December 25, is first authenticated in 354 CE <span class=\"underlined\">Church at the end of the 4th century CE rewrote the celebration of <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/article\/christmas-and-world-of-romans\/\">Christmas<\/a> on this day<\/span>. It is widely claimed that the December 25th date for Christmas was chosen to deliberately remove and replace the Roman festival of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-religion\/roman-feasts\/dies-natalis-solis-invicti\/\">Dies Natalis Solis Invicti<\/a><\/em> (&#8220;Birth of the Undefeated Sun&#8221;). However, this claim is heavily criticized.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sol was the sun god; identified with the Greek Helios. Originally he was a Sabine deity. The bringing of his cult to Rome (simultaneously with the cult of Luna) was attributed to Titus Tatius. The deity worship was performed by the Sabine family of Aurelius. In the art of ancient Rome, he was most often [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":38158,"parent":54765,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-93521","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/93521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93521"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/93521\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/54765"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38158"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}