{"id":96108,"date":"2021-10-04T21:18:08","date_gmt":"2021-10-04T19:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/?post_type=wojny&#038;p=96108"},"modified":"2023-01-29T20:27:56","modified_gmt":"2023-01-29T19:27:56","slug":"sicilian-uprisings","status":"publish","type":"wojny","link":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wars\/uprising-of-slaves-in-ancient-rome\/sicilian-uprisings\/","title":{"rendered":"Sicilian uprisings"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_87 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Chapters<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wars\/uprising-of-slaves-in-ancient-rome\/sicilian-uprisings\/#background-of-events\" >Background of events<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wars\/uprising-of-slaves-in-ancient-rome\/sicilian-uprisings\/#first-sicilian-uprising-138-%e2%80%93-132-bce\" >First Sicilian uprising (138 &#8211; 132 BCE)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wars\/uprising-of-slaves-in-ancient-rome\/sicilian-uprisings\/#second-sicilian-uprising-103-100-bce\" >Second Sicilian uprising (103-100 BCE)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>One of the largest slave uprisings in the Roman state were those that took place in <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-provinces\/list-of-roman-provinces\/roman-sicily\/\">Sicily<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"background-of-events\"><\/span>Background of events<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <div class=\"ramka_ze_zdjeciem float-right \"\n         style=\"\">\n\n        <div class=\"zdjecie\">\n            <img\n                class=\"ramka-ze-zdjeciem\"\n                src=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/sicily.jpg\"\n                                alt=\"Sicily\"\n                width=\"260\"\n                height=\"191\"\n               \n               \n            \/>\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/sicily.jpg\"\n               rel=\"fancybox\"\n               title=\"It was in Sicily that both slave uprisings took place.\">\n                <div class=\"iover\">\n                    <div class=\"zicon\">\n                        <i class=\"fa fa-search-plus\"><\/i>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"opis\">\n                                It was in <b>Sicily<\/b> that both slave uprisings took place.            <\/div>\n        \n                    <div class=\"chmurka\">\n                Creative Commons Attribution license - On the same terms 3.0.            <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n    \n<p>At the end of the 2nd century BCE, the situation began to aggravate in <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-society\/\">Roman society<\/a>. <a title=\"Slavery in Ancient Rome\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/spoleczenstwo\/warstwy-spoleczne-starozytnego-rzymu\/niewolnictwo-w-starozytnym-rzymie\/\"><b>Slaves<\/b><\/a> the agricultural, especially the shepherds, were the worst-treated category of the stratum. They did not receive any supplies from the owner, and as a result, their herds supplied them with meat and <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-society\/clothing-in-ancient-rome\/\">clothing<\/a>. Such a situation existed not only in <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-provinces\/roman-italy\/\">Italy<\/a> but also in other <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-provinces\/\">provinces<\/a> where the slave trade was clearly developed (Hellenistic East or Sicily). Living in primitive conditions, they began to organize into small armed groups attacking nearby settlements.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"first-sicilian-uprising-138-%e2%80%93-132-bce\"><\/span>First Sicilian uprising (138 &#8211; 132 BCE)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>During Roman rule, <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-society\/social-layers-of-ancient-rome\/slavery-in-ancient-rome\/\">slaves<\/a> were deprived of all rights. The first occurrences of slaves took place at the beginning of the 2nd century BCE. However, it was only <b>Eunus<\/b> from Syria who, trying to put an end to it, gathered around him a large group of slaves from Sicily.<br \/>\nThe slave revolt in Damiflos&#8217; estate became the pretext for the uprising. The slaves murdered the master and his wife and burned their house. The uprising broke out in 138 BCE. in the town of Enna (<em>Henna<\/em>) and it quickly spread throughout the island. Under the leadership of Eunus, who was the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-kingdom\/roman-kings\/\">king<\/a> of Antiochus, and <b>Cleon<\/b>, an <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-army\/\">army<\/a> of slaves defeated the armies of several praetors in 138-135 BCE, and then in 134 BCE and 133 BCE troops of the next two consuls.<\/p>\n<p>The slaves&#8217; successes caused their army to grow to 200,000 people, mainly Syrians. In 132 BCE the uprising collapsed after the Romans seized the cities of Tauromenium and Enna, led by the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-constitution\/roman-republic\/roman-offices\/roman-consul\/\">consul<\/a> <b>Publius Repilus<\/b>. About 20,000 captured slaves were either crucified or thrown from the rocks. The leader of the uprising himself was thrown into prison, where he died.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"second-sicilian-uprising-103-100-bce\"><\/span>Second Sicilian uprising (103-100 BCE)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>At the end of the 2nd century BCE, there was a second wave of slave uprisings in the Roman state. The slaves were favoured by the weakening of the empire caused by the invasions of the Germanic tribes of the <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wars\/invasion-of-cimbri-and-teutons\/\">Cimbri<\/a> and Teutons. In 104 BCE a slave uprising broke out in Campania near Capua, which was quickly put down. However, at the same time, a much more dangerous uprising in Sicily began, known in history as the second Sicilian uprising in 103 BCE.<\/p>\n<p>Its cause is believed to be the kidnapping of many inhabitants of Bithynia allied with <a href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/roman-geography\/roman-cities\/rome-eternal-city\/\">Rome<\/a> and selling them into slavery. Nicomedes &#8211; the Bithynian king refused to provide the Romans with military aid during the invasion of the Cimbrians and Teutons, claiming that most of his subjects had become Roman slaves. <a title=\"the Roman Senate\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/ustroj\/republika-rzymska\/urzedy-rzymskie\/senat-rzymski\/\">Roman Senate<\/a> has issued a decree restoring freedom to the subjects of allied states who have been illegally deprived of their liberty. When the governor of Sicily began to fulfil the senate&#8217;s decisions, he met with resistance from the landowners. In this situation, the slaves took up arms.<\/p>\n<p>Under the leadership of Salvius, who took the name of <b>Tryphon<\/b> and made himself king, and together with <b>Athenion<\/b>, the uprising spread throughout Sicily.<br \/>\nThe insurgents adopted Hellenistic and Roman symbols of power. After the slaves&#8217; initial successes, the Romans, led by consul <b>Manius Aquilius<\/b>, finally succeeded in 100 BCE to crush the uprising.<\/p>\n<p>Events in the second half of the 2nd century BCE taught the Romans, especially the senatorial aristocracy, nothing. Further, the widening of slave estates continued, and slaves were treated as things. This led to another uprising in 73 BCE, named <a title=\"The Rise of Spartacus\" href=\"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/wojny\/powstania-niewolnikow-w-antycznym-rzymie\/powstanie-spartakusa\/\"><b>the Rise of Spartacus<\/b><\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":39113,"parent":50450,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"kategorie_wojen":[],"class_list":["post-96108","wojny","type-wojny","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wojny\/96108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wojny"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wojny"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wojny\/96108\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wojny\/50450"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kategorie_wojen","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imperiumromanum.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategorie_wojen?post=96108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}