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Curiosities of ancient Rome (System and politics)

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System and politics offers interesting facts about the system of government, state institutions, and mechanisms of governance in ancient Rome. This category includes lesser-known facts and interesting details related to the functioning of the republic and empire, offices, political decisions, and the behind-the-scenes public life of the Roman Empire.

Rome’s declaration of war during republic

During the time of the Republic, the Roman procedure for declaring war was extremely complex and involved several stages. It contained numerous rules, the strict observance of which was of paramount importance. Declaring war also…Więcej

Cicero in Cilicia: governor by force and appointment

In 51 BCE, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Rome’s greatest orator and one of its leading intellectuals, was reluctant to travel east to assume the office of governor of Cilicia. For a man whose entire life revolved…Więcej

Curatores aquarum – officials responsible for waterworks

In ancient Rome, the water supply system was managed by officials known as curatores aquarum. These were senators of consular rank, appointed by the emperor, responsible for overseeing the construction, maintenance and operation of the…Więcej

Optimates

Optimates were a political faction in the late Roman Republic that emerged from conflicts between the senate and the populares, a faction that sided with the people. The term “optimates” comes from the Latin optimates,…Więcej

Foedus – form of covenant in ancient Rome

Foedus, i.e., covenant or treaty, was one of ancient Rome’s most important diplomatic tools. During the early Republic, Rome used the foedera to secure alliances and stabilize its political influence in Italy and on the…Więcej

State according to Cicero – “res populi” as community of citizens

In the works of Cicero (106 – 43 BCE), one of the most important philosophers and politicians of ancient Rome, the state (res publica) was primarily a community of citizens. His approach to politics and…Więcej

Princeps Senatus – first among Roman senators

In the Roman Republic, the Senate was one of the most important political bodies, playing a key role in shaping law and policy. It was headed by princeps senatus. This title did not mean formal…Więcej

Populares – voice of people in Roman Senate

Roman republic is famous for its rich political system, which has developed a complex power structure over the centuries. At the heart of this system, various political parties competed with each other, the most famous…Więcej

Defender of Roman tradition who was afraid of women in forum

Cato the Elder, a tenacious defender of Roman values, became famous, among others, for his opposition to the repeal of lex Oppia. It was then, in one of the first mass demonstrations by women in…Więcej

You’re starving and you pretend you’re not

The battle of Philippi (43 BCE) in the far north of Greece, lost by the optimates, put an end to dreams of restoring the republic. Brutus and Cassius were dead, and soon after Cicero’s beheaded…Więcej

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