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The capital of the province of Lower Germania, the city of Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (today’s Cologne, Germany), due to its importance, had a high demand for running water. It was collected from the mountainous Eifel region 100 km away, thanks to an aqueduct capable of transporting up to 200,000 cubic meters of water per day.
Cologne was founded in the 1st century CE through the Romans, and they can be traced to this day. An example of this is the remains of the defensive walls located within today’s city centre.
Although the center of the ancient world after the Hellenistic period due to the dynamically “spreading” Rome moved to the west of the Mediterranean, in the east remained religious centers “ruling” the minds of people of that world. Everyone remembers the Oracle of Delphi, the Great Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, a strange mostly incomprehensible to the ancient worship of the one God of Jews, the mysterious world of the Gods of Egypt.
Pergamon (today’s Turkish Bergama) is a wonderful Hellenistic city radiating its culture to the entire east of the Mediterranean in ancient times. The Pergamon Acropolis belonged to the greatest centers of the ancient world. Today, after the most famous Hellenistic monuments of the city from the time of Eumenes II Attalida, the descendant of the diadochs is scarce and basically you can only admire the places where they were.
