Hero of Alexandria, one of the most famous scientists of the ancient world, became famous as a brilliant inventor and mathematician whose works are still admired today. He lived in the 1st century CE and operated mainly in Alexandria, which was then the scientific center of the world. It was there that he created some of the most important works in mathematics, physics and engineering that have had a huge impact on the development of technology for centuries.
Hero is best known for developing the first primitive steam engines, which has led some to consider him a forerunner of modern engineering and automation. His famous machine, called “Hero’s engine” (also known as the aeolipila), was a steam-powered device that used the principle of the jet reaction. Although it had no practical application at the time, it was a revolutionary achievement demonstrating the possibilities of using steam power.
Hero’s next impressive invention was automata that used pressure systems, gears and levers. An example was a machine for pouring wine or milk in temples or a system for opening and closing doors. Heron also created a machine that dispensed holy water in temples – after inserting a coin, the mechanism released the valve, which poured the appropriate amount of liquid. This is the first known device that works on the principle of payment!
Hero also wrote many works on mathematics and mechanics. His book“Metrica” contained detailed descriptions of methods for calculating the area and volume of various solids. The most famous, however, is Heron’s formula, which allows you to calculate the area of a triangle based on the lengths of its sides.
His works were an inspiration for later generations of engineers and inventors. Although many of his works have been lost, those that have survived demonstrate the profound intellect and creativity of this ancient genius, who remains an icon of technology.
