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- Amphitheater
- Ara Pacis
- Capitoline Temple in Rome
- Circus Maximus
- Cloaca Maxima
- Colosseum
- Column of Antonius Pius
- Column of Marcus Aurelius
- Column of Trajan
- Domus Transitoria
- Fabrician Bridge
- Field of Mars in Rome
- Forum Boarium
- Forum of Severus
- Forum Romanum
- Hadrian’s Villa
- Imperial fora
- Lapis Niger
- Mausoleum of Augustus
- Mausoleum of Hadrian
- Nero’s Golden House
- Palace of Diocletian in Spalatum
- Pantheon in Rome
- Roman aqueducts
- Roman basilica
- Roman Curia
- Roman defense walls
- Roman macellum
- Rostra
- Temple of Claudius in Colonia Claudia Victricensis (Camulodunum)
- Theater of Marcellus
- Tomb of Eurysaces
- Triumphal arches
- Tropaeum Traiani
- Tunnel of Titus in Turkey
Among the most magnificent works of Roman architecture are: Pantheon, Forum Romanum and triumphal arches, which not only represented the splendour of Rome but at the same time presented the architectural potential, dormant in ancient architect-engineers.
Buildings that were supposed to commemorate the power of Rome and the triumphs of emperors (triumphal arches, columns, altars) pointed to the great architectural skills and great artistic sensitivity of the Romans.
The characteristic Roman buildings have been placed in alphabetical order.
Building | Description |
Roman aqueduct (aquaeductus), meaning literally “waterway” was a water supply system that supplied water from sources to Roman cities, using the principle of constant rafting. The water was then delivered to numerous fountains, baths and public sculleries, making richer homes. (more) | |
Amphitheatre (amphiteatrum) was an open arena in the shape of an ellipse or circle, surrounded – mostly by step-by-row rows of seats for spectators and intended for public screenings, among others gladiatorial fights, fights with wild animals, naumachiae. (more) | |
Ara Pacis (The Altar of Peace), also known as Ara Pacis Augustae consecrated on July 4, 13 BCE, and completed on January 30, 9 BCE. Erected as an expression of gratitude after the end of long-term warfare. (more) | |
In ancient Rome, the basilica stood on the main square (forum) and played the role of a market-court fair. Through the imitation of the basilica, they spread throughout the territory of ancient Rome. (more) | |
Circus Maximus was the oldest and largest Roman circus, located between the Palatine and Aventine hills. (more) | |
Cloaca Maxima (“the largest sewer”) was one of the largest Roman constructions ever made. The ancient Roman construction of the sewer, which passed through the Roman Forum, ended in the sixth century BCE. (more) | |
Domus Transitoria, in free translation, means “house of transition”, was the palace of Nero, which was destroyed as a result of the great livelihood in 64 CE. (more) | |
Imperial Forums was a complex of forums erected during the first century BCE and CE during the empire. It was created near the Forum Romanum. The construction was initiated by Julius Caesar building the Caesar Forum. (more) | |
Forum Romanum literally means “Roman market” or Magnum Forum. It was the oldest square in Rome, at the foot of the Capitol and Palatine, which was the political and social centre of Rome during the period of the republic. (more) | |
Forum Boarium is one of the oldest forums in Rome. It was a market square on the River Tiber, between the hills of Capitol, Palatine and Aventine, near Circus Maximus. (more) | |
Construction of the forum began in around 209 CE and was completed in the year 216 e. by the son of Septimius – Caracalla. The forum was created in Leptis Magna. (more) | |
Tomb of Marcus Virgil Eurysaces in Rome is an impressive and strange Roman structure, which dates from around 30 BCE. The tomb was built by a freedman named Marcus Virgil Eurysaces, who made a fortune on a large bakery and food delivery. (more) | |
The Flavian Amphitheater, Colosseum (Amphitheatrum Flavium, Colosseum) is a powerful oval-shaped building for the Games, which included wrestling, gladiator fighting, fighting with wild animals and sea battles, the so-called naumachiae. (more) | |
The Trajan column was erected in 113 CE in Rome at the Trajan’s Forum to commemorate the victory over the Dacians. (more) | |
The column of Antonius Pius once decorated the Field of Mars in ancient Rome. The object, like the Trajan’s column or the Marcus Aurelius’ column, was a monument to the deified emperor. However, only the base of the column has survived to our times, which we can admire in the Vatican Museums. (more) | |
The column of Marcus Aurelius is a monument commemorating the victory of the Roman army, under the command of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, during the Marcomannic Wars (167-180 CE). (more) | |
Roman Curia (Curia), meaning literally “meeting place”, it was a building at the Roman Forum for Senate meetings. Built in the sixth century BCE. by the king Tullus Hostilius, hence its earlier name – Curia Hostilia. (more) | |
Lapis Niger is the oldest (probably from around 500 BC) and for a long time the most important monument for the Romans at the Roman Forum. (more) | |
The triumphal arches are the most characteristic buildings of Roman architecture. Built in recognition of merit for the victorious chiefs. Closely related to the triumphal ritual. (more) | |
Mausoleum of Augustus was built on the Field of Mars, in Rome, in 29 BCE, by Octavian Augustus as a burial place for himself and his family. (more) | |
Following Augustus, who erected his mausoleum in the Field of Mars, emperor Hadrian also wanted a monumental tomb to be built for him and his successors. And so on the right bank of the Tiber River, the Mausoleum of Hadrian was established, a short distance from the mausoleum of Augustus. (more) | |
Macellum (plural macella) was a market, the centre of economic activity in ancient Rome. (more) | |
Roman fortifications and fortifications at the borders were part of the great defence strategy of the Roman Empire. (more) | |
A building designed for musical performances. The sponsor of the construction was Herodes Atticus, who wanted to commemorate the death of his wife Regilla. (more) | |
Diocletian’s Palace in Spalatum (present Split, Croatia) is a former residence built by the emperor Diocletian at the turn of the 3rd and 4th century CE as a villa in which he intended to settle after the planned 305 CE abdicate. (more) | |
Pantheon (Pantheon), in other words, “The Temple of All Gods” is a circular temple founded in 125 CE in honour of the seven most important Roman deities. (more) | |
Field of Mars (Campus Martius) was a place in ancient Rome, outside the so-called. the Serwiń walls, in the Tiber bend, west of the Capitol (it does not coincide with the rione Campo Marzio). (more) | |
Rostra was a lectern on the Roman Forum. It was built on a 5-meter-high base, on a rectangular plan with dimensions of 29 by 30 m (more) | |
Temple of Claudius in Colonia Claudia Victricensis (Camulodunum) | Temple of Claudius in Colonia Claudia Victricensis (Camulodunum) was built between 49 and 60 In 54, and after the death of Claudius and being counted as gods, he was consecrated to his worship, becoming the Templum Divi Claudii (“The Temple of Sanctified Claudius”). (more) |
Theatre of Marcellus was a Roman theatre, erected in the first century BCE in the south of the Champs de Mars in Rome. (more) | |
Tropaeum Traiani is a monument located in the former Roman castrum Civitas Tropaensium (present Adamclisi in Romania), which was built in 109 CE in the former Lower Mezja province (Moesia Inferior). (more) | |
Tunnel of Titus in Turkey is 1, 4 km long and was built in the 1st century CE The construction of this tunnel was aimed at securing the port near the ancient city of Seleucia Pieria and protecting it against floods and flooding. (more) | |
Villa Hadrian (Villa Adriana) was built on the order of emperor Hadrian in Tivoli (a town located approximately 28 kilometres from the capital) in 118 – 134 CE (more) | |
The Golden House of Nero, also called Domus Aurea, was the Roman palace of emperor Nero, located between the hills of Palatine and Esquiline. (more) |
