Articles (War and army)
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Gain and loss of Agri Decumates
On the European continent, the Roman Empire based its border on two great rivers: the Rhine and the Danube. There was, however, a fundamental problem with this concept – both rivers in their initial course diverge, creating an obtuse angle ... Read more
The Political Significance of Veterans in the Late Roman Republic
The army was the most important element of Roman territorial expansion. Today we commonly associate it mainly with great discipline and organization. In the first centuries of the republic, however, it was not a professional force. It consisted mainly of ... Read more
Hostilities in Sardinia during Second Punic War. Rise of Ampsicora
At the end of 216 BCE, the strategic position of the Romans was not interesting. Barkida operated in Campania, and the second army, led by Hanno son of Bomilcar, operated in Bruttium. In response, the Republic recruited masses of troops; ... Read more
Phalanx in Caracalla’s army?
In the history of the Roman army, the phalanx was nothing new. This system was adopted by the Etruscans in the early period of Rome’s existence. During the second war with the Samnites, the greatest disadvantages of this formation were ... Read more
Reconstruction of Roman legionary in movies on biblical themes
One of the most famous events in human history is undoubtedly the crucifixion of Jesus Christ in the early 30s of the 1st century CE. For this reason, along with the development of cinematography, many works were created to show ... Read more
War of two Scipio. Warfare in Spain in 218-211 BCE
In the second half of the third century BCE, the Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by three peoples divided into tribes. In the west, in the areas roughly equivalent to today’s Portugal, the Lusitannians lived. In the north were the lands ... Read more
Battle of Argentoratum based on account of Amiannus Marcellinus
Ammianus Marcellinus is the last great historian of the dying Roman world civitatis. His “History of Rome” (Res gestae) was written at a special moment when the Roman Empire was slowly entering a time of irreversible transformations, which consequently led ... Read more
IX Legio Hispana, what happened to it? Historical outline and theories of disappearance
History hides unfathomable layers of secrets and puzzles, the solution of which is sometimes at your fingertips, and other times it is lost in the abyss of oblivion and will never be found again. This is one of the things ... Read more
Destruction of Aquileia (452 CE)
Aquileia was founded by the Romans as a colony in 181 BCE, during battles with the Illyrian tribes. The city was located on the Natisa River, south of the Julian Alps, several kilometres north of the lagoons. It had an ... Read more
Amenities of Roman legionaries
Soldiers of the Roman legions were able to enjoy some advantages over civilians. This special treatment was reflected in many aspects of society and clearly distinguished the military class. Tribute (Stipendium) First of all, it is necessary to point out ... Read more
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